Pills for Cheap

The location of fat on an individual’s body is partly due to genetic influences, but is also idiosyncratic. Some people store fat on the upper body, some on the lower body; some get fat around the neck first, some around the arms and chest. In general, men store fat around the waist or abdomen, and pre-menopausal women store fat around the hips and buttocks. These are the typical android (apple) and gynoid (pear) shapes that distinguish men and women. A third, generally ‘big all over’ shape, is the ovoid (fruit box) form of overfatness. This is often more characteristic of those with a genetic predisposition to obesity.

An analysis of national figures in the United Kingdom shows that while the ‘apple’ and ‘pear’ are the majority shapes of males and females respectively, around 14 per cent of men may be fat and pear-shaped and 27 per cent of women fat and apple-shaped. This is perhaps not unexpected with women because at menopause they lose the benefits of the female hormones, particularly oestrogen, which maintain female fat in the lower body (hips, thighs and buttocks) for reproductive purposes, and they begin to store more fat on the upper body, like men. Increases in abdominal fat in men and women differ with age. Women, in general, tend to store more fat around the lower regions until they reach menopause. Then they put it on like men. Men, on the other hand, generally increase their abdominal stores linearly with age from around 25 years on.

*17\186\4*

A German doctor has discovered that in certain countries, where pumpkin seeds are eaten regularly and in great quantity, there is virtually no incidence of enlarged prostate or other prostate troubles. Dr. W. Devrient states that enlargement of the prostate gland indicates that the gland is trying to make up for the diminished production of the male sex hormones as a result of advanced age. Pumpkin seeds contain nutrients which are essential for reproductive functions.

Pumpkin seeds are extremely rich in powerful nutritive factors: about 30 percent protein, 40 percent unsaturated fatty acids, plenty of B-vitamins, lots of phosphorus, iron, and zinc. What is the powerful substance in pumpkin seed that has such a rejuvenating effect on sex life? No one seems to know. Dr. Bela Pater, of Klausenburg, believes that pumpkin seeds contain a “plant hormone which affects man’s hormone production in part by substitution, in part by direct proliferation.” But whatever substance it is, the fact remains that, as of today, pumpkin seeds are the only effective nutritional remedy for prostate trouble—and completely harmless, too.

*132\58\2*

What causes the galea to become thick? Why do men become bald but not women?

Dr. Engstrand stated that the thickening of the tendinous scalp membrane is effected by the male sex hormones. He indicated several other possible causes for this condition, but the main cause is hormone stimulation. Men with a generous sex hormone production have a greater chance of losing their hair. This explains the typical male pattern of baldness: bald head but otherwise vigorous secondary male sex characteristics—thick, fast-growing beard and abundant hail’ growth on the other parts of the body.

A hereditary tendency is also indicated. Not only is there a great variety in the quantity of sex hormones produced by different men, but even the amount of blood which each individual, anatomically speaking, has available for his scalp, varies considerably from man to man and is hereditary to some extent. Also, Dr. Engstrand stressed the fact that hormone production and stimulation can vary to a great extent during different periods and various ages of the same individual. In addition, excessive hair loss can be influenced by such factors as nutritional deficiencies and prolonged mental or emotional stress. Mental stress causes tensions in the muscle tissues of the scalp and the neck and thus constricts the blood vessels.

How Dr. Engstrand’s theory was proven

Dr. Engstrand developed a special surgical method which he calls The Radical Scalp Operation According to Engstrand. The operation is aimed at relieving the pressure in the scalp by making several incisions in the galea. It is a simple operation without hospitalization which takes about 50 minutes to perform. Dr. Engstrand has performed over 1,000 such operations and reports quite remarkable results. In the most favorable group of patients, between 70 and 80 percent experienced increased hair growth within six months to a year. Even in completely bald areas—in the recessed temples and at the crown of the head—his method has brought new hair growth in 40 to 50 percent of the patients, provided that the baldness was of a shorter duration than five years.

Thus, Dr. Engstrand has definitely proven that loss of hair and baldness is indeed caused by impaired blood circulation. Whether or not the surgical approach is the right and most effective way to increase blood distribution to the hair follicles remains to be seen. In accord with the spirit of this book, which is basically a self-help book, I am inclined to think that there are easier ways than operations to stimulate the increased blood flow to the hair roots. I am referring to the nutritional approach. And in this regard I have very exciting news for you.

*107\58\2*

Stomach and intestines have their iris positions in the first major zone, directly around the pupil. In contrast to the other organs they are concentrically arranged, and take in a third of the iris.

When looking at an iris, attention is first directed to the stomach and intestinal zones. In health the stomach and intestinal zones are of equal size. They take in a third of the iris and do not differ in essential colour and structure from each other. This normal form of the first major zone is very seldom found in these days.

Disturbances of the intestines are recognised in the course and colour of the iris-wreath.

1. Dilatations of the iris-wreath are often seen. If roundish, they suggest an intestinal atony, and these usually stem from incompletely cleared catarrhs of childhood. Dark spots in the dilatations are indications that the intestinal glands are no longer functioning. Patients with these signs had many colicky pains as children, with a history of always wanting to drink cold water ( = intestinal scrofula).

If the signs are more honeycomb-like, then one speaks of’ ‘wormnests’. That is to say, that the patients have suffered from worms. If worms are suspected, then other signs are searched for: undue activity of the pupils, dark rings under the eyes, signs of worms on the tongue, in the nose, and itching of the anus, etc.

Pointed white spokes of the iris-wreath which take in the second large zone are signs of intestinal colic.

2. A white iris-wreath is an indication for inflammation of the intestines. This inflammation often extends over into the lymph channels, to the fifth minor zone (mucous membrane zone). One can then observe thick radiating white lines from the wreath to the fifth minor zone, in which white clouds or flakes also appear.

3. A contraction of the iris-wreath arises because of pressure from the outside, and can be caused by organ displacement (e.g. floating kidney, enlarged liver) or by a tumour. A downward depression of the wreath is a sign of ptosis of stomach or intestines.

4. An expansion of the large intestine field in the direction of the heart area (left iris 10′-15′, right iris 45′-50′) enables one to diagnose ‘Roemheld’.

5. Tumour and cancer signs.

6. All iris signs which originate from the pupil and traverse the iris-wreath indicate a participation of the central nervous system in the disturbed condition.

7. If in the left iris one finds an iris-wreath with a pointed serrated margin, a sign of weakness in the heart area, and an adrenal sign, then a vegetative dystony is indicated. The patient is full of inner disturbances, with troubles here and there, without it being possible to define a clinical condition.

8. A square-shaped wreath always indicates a grave and incurable condition. Pancreas signs are always then to be found.

9. The appendix area lies in the right iris—from 33′-35′, directly at the wreath. In inflammatory states there shows a white sign = acute condition, or a yellow sign = chronic condition. One often observes in this area signs of adhesions, which go out from the intestine and reach to the peritoneum. They arise after chronic inflammations, as well as after badly healed appendicectomies, and can produce considerable disturbance.

A black spike in the caecal area signifies that the caecum has become functionally incapable and shrivelled. Black or dark lines which go over or under in an arc, indicate displacement of the caecum. Very often it becomes adherent to the gall-bladder, peritoneum, ovary, Fallopian tube, etc.

10.Strong dilatations of the intestinal zone from 25′-30′ in the left iris and from 30-35′ in the right iris, enable one to recognise the tendency to hernia. The iris-wreath is broken through at the point where the rupture ensues. If pain also appears, then white clouds in this area will point to an inflammatory state.

Small lacunae inside the iris-wreath indicate a disturbance in the gastro-intestinal secretions, arising from atony of the stomach and intestine musculature.

11.Special attention should be directed to the S. Romanum (Sigmoid flexure) and to the rectum. In many cases, the area for rectum, left iris 32-34′, shows a white discharge-sign, as an indication of mucous membrane catarrh. Often, the iris fibres in this area separate from one another, and indicate a sign of commencing weakness ( = atonic constipation).

Signs for haemorrhoids are seen in this area in the form of small dark spots. Apart from this, one not infrequently observes a very dark brown neurasthenic ring, and indications of stasis in the liver area, as symptoms of a portal congestion. With haemorrhoids, one usually finds very wrinkled eyelids. Interrogation reveals that these patients must often rub their eyes because they feel as if there were sand in them. A later indication of haemorrhoids is the presence of 2 red fleck in the lower eyelid. The more this fleck lies temporalwards, then the more analwards lie the haemorrhoids. The more it lies nasalwards, then the higher they lie.

*16\78\2*

Some women find that the first period they have after their baby is born brings a problem they had never imagined. If you’re breast-feeding, your periods probably won’t start again until you have weaned the baby which could be anything from six weeks to a year after the birth, depending on how long you both decide to continue. But some women find that even though they are breast-feeding successfully, their periods start again. And although most babies don’t seem to notice what’s going on, others react quite strongly. As Sylvia Close puts it in her helpful book The Know-how of Infant Feeding, the baby seems to go on strike. He won’t suck; he grizzles; he’s fretful and difficult. This could be because our skins smell different at period time, or because the baby can smell our blood. Either way it’s likely to be very upsetting for a mother to be rejected like this by her baby.

But don’t worry. You can deal with it if you know how. For a start be as relaxed about the whole business as possible. Don’t give your baby a bottle and don’t try to force him to feed. Wait until he is hungry and then try again. But this time see if you can take a warm scented bath or a shower beforehand. Often this is all that’s needed. Once you smell like yourself again, the baby is happy. But I should warn you that it does sometimes take several efforts before you are back together again as you were before. If you’re bottle feeding, you are far more likely to start having periods again soon after the birth — which seems to me another very good reason to try to

breast-feed.

*60\177\2*

In order to be protected against these three diseases, infants must receive three injections of the combined DTP (diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis) vaccine by the age of six months. The first injection is given at two months, followed by two more administered every other month. The child must receive a booster shot of CDT (combined diphtheria and tetanus toxoid) at age 18 to 24 months and another CDT shot at the age of four to six years. Thereafter, a booster of diphtheria-tetanus vaccine is necessary every ten years for life.

Diphtheria. Diphtheria is a bacterial disease that is frequently fatal. It causes infection of the nose, throat, tonsils, and lymph nodes of the neck. The bacterium responsible can produce a toxin (poison) that causes heart damage and paralysis. Cases of diphtheria are now rare in Western countries. For every case reported there are many other persons who are carriers of diphtheria. (A carried is a person who harbors the disease without getting sick him- or herself, and who can transmit it to other people.)

Before the diphtheria vaccine came into general use 40 years ago, many adults were immune to diphtheria because they had had some form of the illness in childhood. This situation no longer exists, so adults should receive booster shots of diphtheria vaccine every ten years. Serious ractions to the diphtheria vaccine, which is a dead vaccine, are rare.

Tetanus. Tetanus, or lockjaw, is a disease of the nervous system that can enter the body through a wound – even a minor wound like a scratch or an insect bite. Tetanus cases still occur throughout Australia. Although the vaccine is thoroughly safe and effective, its protection weakens over the years and booster shots are required. It is generally thought that after the age of four to six a child should receive a booster every ten years. However, some people are likely to have more frequent contact with tetanus germs and need to have a booster shot every five years. In general, clean wounds, such as those from kitchen utensils, require boosters every ten years; dirty wounds, such as those from rusty nails, barbed wire, and others that happen outdoors, require boosters every five years. For example, if your child has a wound from a rusty nail, check to see if he or she has received a booster within the last five years. Adults should receive boosters at least every ten years.

Whooping cough. Whooping cough is more common than many parents (and doctors) realize. It is a highly contagious infection of the respiratory tract, and it gets its name from the severe, strangling cough that develops as the disease progresses. Whooping cough vaccine is the most uncertain of the three components of the DTP vaccine, and it does not always give complete immunity. There have been extremely rare instances of brain damage following its use, but in some of these cases the damage was caused by faulty administration of the vaccine rather than by the vaccine itself. The vaccine may also cause a brief reaction of fever. For these reasons, routine boosters are not recommended after the child is eighteen months old. However, the mortality rate among infants under age one who contract whooping cough and the possibility of complications in older children are high enough to exceed by far the minimal risk of the vaccine.

In England, serious reactions to the vaccine were sufficiently frequent at one point to persuade the medical profession to suspend its use. However, because of the increasing incidence of whooping cough and its severe complications, immunization has now been reinstituted in England.

*262/84/5*

Appendicitis is an inflammation (infection) of the appendix. The appendix is a hollow tube about the size of your little finger that forms a blind pouch where the small intestine joins the large intestine. In 99 percent of all children, the appendix lies in the lower right quarter of the child’s abdomen.

Appendicitis can occur at any age. If the appendix is not surgically removed, the infection worsens until the appendix bursts. Then the infection spreads throughout the abdomen. An infected appendix may perforate (rupture) within hours of the initial pain or may not rupture for a day or two. A ruptured appendix can lead to death.

Signs and symptoms

Persistent abdominal pain in your child should be considered a symptom of appendicitis until proven otherwise. Typically, the pain of appendicitis is constant; it does not come and go as does the pain from cramps. Once it starts, it grows continually worse. The pain may start in the pit of the stomach, but it usually soon moves to the lower right quarter of the abdomen. The pain is made worse by walking or just moving about. The abdomen is tender to a gentle pressure in the lower right quarter, more tender than in other areas. There may be nausea and vomiting, but these symptoms usually start only after the pain has started.

Generally, there is a low-grade fever (37.8°C, oral; 38.3°C, rectal), but the temperature may range anywhere from normal to 40°C. Bowel movements are usually normal, but there may be diarrhea. Diagnosis is difficult because all of these signs may not be present. Because diagnosis is so difficult and the condition is so serious, call your doctor if you have any reason to suspect appendicitis.

Home care

Try applying gentle heat, as with a heating pad turned to “low.” If pain gets worse, it is probably appendicitis. Never apply cold; this can mask the symptoms of appendicitis.

Do not give pain killers such as paregoric or codeine. Acetaminophen is safe but useless. Aspirin can affect the blood’s ability to clot, so it should not be given in case the child needs surgery. Allow only clear liquids by mouth. However, once you suspect that there is a strong possibility of appendicitis, do not give your child any food or drink until you consult your physician. Never give a laxative or enema.

Precaution

If pain persists in the lower right quarter of the abdomen, despite home treatment measures, call your doctor.

Medical treatment

The only acceptable treatment for appendicitis is surgical removal of the appendix (an appendectomy). Therefore, your doctor must be reasonably sure of the diagnosis. In addition to the abdomen, your child’s chest and throat will be examined because a throat infection and pneumonia can cause symptoms of appendicitis. A rectal examination will also be performed and a blood count and a urinalysis done. (These last two tests do not prove or disprove appendicitis, however.) An X ray may be called for.

Once tests are complete, your doctor may operate or admit your child to a hospital to watch the child for a few hours until the diagnosis becomes more certain. Unnecessary surgery is to be avoided, but the rule of safety is to operate on a child who may have appendicitis rather than postpone surgery until the appendix ruptures.

*16/84/5*

Will there be difficulties in getting a job?

Almost certainly not. Almost all careers and jobs are open to persons with diabetes. Some jobs are clearly unsuitable for people with diabetes and it would be unwise to attempt to do them. Examples include being a commercial airline pilot or joining the armed services. In some jobs it would be difficult to keep in good diabetic control and an example of this is taxi driving or long distance truck driving, where it might be impossible to have regular meals.

On the other hand, you may encounter employers who are prejudiced against any kind of medical disorder and in such cases if you really wish to obtain a job there, you must convince your employer that diabetes will not interfere with your efficiency in the job. Perhaps Diabetes Australia can help you in this situation, and your doctor could provide you with a certificate.

Whether you volunteer that you have diabetes to any potential employer or not is largely up to you. By doing so, you are keeping faith with your prospective employer and it makes it easier for him to accept the occasional time off for a medical check-up or illness. At all events it is necessary for someone working with you to know about it in case you need help.

Often there is no problem at all, but you should discuss with your doctor if you are in any doubt. A youth employment officer (vocational guidance officer) may be of help, as he will know a wide range of employment agencies that can be approached if diabetes does seem to have created difficulties with employment.

In general, and except in certain categories of employment, people with diabetes do not have trouble in getting a good job but you should not be discouraged if one or two employers should turn you down because of your diabetes.

When I apply for a job, must I tell my prospective employer that I have diabetes?

It is difficult to generalize about this except to say that you must be truthful at all times if you wish to hold a secure and a good job. For some occupations you will be asked to provide a medical certificate. If you have to fill in a form or if your doctor has to fill in a form for you, then it is clear that you must state the fact of diabetes. You can ask your doctor to give a certificate to go with this form, making a statement about your health and whether it is likely to interfere with your ability to carry out the job. If you are asked if you have any physical or medical complaints then clearly you must say that you have diabetes. You can qualify this by saying that you are perfectly well, that you have not missed school because of it and that you are prepared to get a medical certificate about it.

*101/54/5*

Comic actor John Candy. Professional baseball player Nolan Ryan. At age 43, both hit milestones in their lives. One had just pitched two no-hitters, putting the finishing touches on a glorious major-league career that spanned 27 years. The other smoked and had a weight problem and was dead of a heart attack. Sometimes our destiny isn’t in our hands. But sometimes it is.

Lots of guys point their fingers at the fates when talking about their health, says Walter M. Bortz II, M.D., clinical associate professor of medicine at Stanford University School of Medicine and author of Dare to Be 100. Or worse, they believe that coming from “good stock” gives them license for self-abuse. The truth is that our genes generally have less to do with how long we live than we’d like to believe, says Dr. Bortz. “Genetics have about a 20 percent influence on life span,” he says. “The rest is in your hands.”

“The length of your life is hugely affected by your lifestyle,” agrees Dr. George Webster, researcher in molecular biology and aging. “Lots of people today are living a hell of a long time because they’re finally doing what they ought to be doing-not smoking, getting out of their chairs, and becoming more active.” Here are the top seven behaviors experts say will shorten your life and what you can do about them.

The Meat-and-Potato Men

Sixty-nine percent of men admit that they struggle with eating a balanced diet. Most of us eat about 10 percent more than the 30-percent-calories-from-fat-a-day plan we’re supposed to stick to. We’re eating a measly three or four servings of fruits and vegetables each day instead of the five to nine the U.S. Department of Agriculture Food Guide Pyramid recommends. And about one-third of men are overweight. “Then we’re surprised when our health gives out,” Dr. Webster says.

“We need to and can do much better,” says Ken Goldberg, M.D., founder and director of the Male Health Institute in Dallas and author of How Men Can Live As Long As Women. “The key is to follow a healthy diet most of the time, so you can have nachos and beer at the ball game and it won’t matter.” Here’s what experts recommend.

Eat just one. If each time you eat, you include a fruit or a vegetable, you’ll steadily improve your health, says Dr. Goldberg. The 30-year Framingham Heart Study by Harvard researchers found that with each additional serving of fruits and vegetables that 832 men ages 45 to 65 ate, the lower their risk of stroke became. And that’s only one benefit. Eating more fruits and vegetables also lowers your risk for colon cancer and heart disease, adds Dr. Goldberg.

Get the red out. When faced with a choice in meats, choose fish, turkey, or chicken, Dr. Goldberg says. A landmark study of close to 48,000 male health professionals found that men who ate the most red meat had a significantly higher risk for advanced prostate cancer than those who ate the least.

Stop, drop, and live. A side benefit of eating more fruits and vegetables and less fatty red meat is that you’ll also likely shed a few pounds, says Dr. Goldberg. Even the least bit of waist-whittling can add to your life. In another landmark, 22-year study of nearly 20,000 men, researchers found that being just 2 to 6 percent over your ideal weight increases your risk for cardiovascular disease. Being as much as 20 percent over increases your risk by more than 2Ó2 times that of ideal-weight men.

*8/36/5*

The Australian Heart Foundation has a different set of reference ranges for several tests, for what are called “at risk individuals”. The criteria you must meet to be an “at risk individual” include:

•     Known coronary artery disease

•     Other known signs of atherosclerosis such as peripheral artery disease (eg. Intermittent claudication), blocked carotid arteries (which lead to the brain), or aortic aneurysms.

•     Diabetes mellitus

•     Chronic kidney failure, or kidney transplantation

•     Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander

•     Familial hypercholesterolemia (a genetic disorder)

•     Familial combined hyperlipidaemia (another kind of genetic disorder)

•     If your total cholesterol is >6mmol/L or LDL is >4mmol/L, and you have any 2 or more of the following risk factors:

•     HDL<1.0mmol/L

• Significant family history of heart disease

•     High blood pressure (hypertension)

• Overweight or obesity

• Smoking

• Impaired fasting glucose (blood sugar level between 6.1 and 6.9mmol/L)

•     Age >45 years

•     Below normal levels of albumin in the blood and/or impaired kidney function.

If you fall into this category, the target levels recommended for you by the Heart Foundation are as follows:

Total cholesterol:         < 4.0mmol/L

HDL cholesterol:         > l.0mmol/L

LDL cholesterol:         <2.5mmol/L

Triglycerides:         < 2.0mmol/L

If your blood test results do not match up to these standards, your doctor is supposed to ask you to follow a cholesterol lowering diet (this usually means a low fat diet) for six weeks and then retest your lipid levels. Almost everyone will not be able to achieve the low levels of blood fats recommended; nor is it necessarily healthy. With a cholesterol level that low you will probably be feeling ill in other ways. The next step then is to put the patient on cholesterol lowering drugs.

It is very easy to fall into this “high risk” category; all you need to be is over 45 years of age and overweight, with a total cholesterol level above 6.0mmol/L and you qualify for drug treatment. No wonder such a high proportion of the population are making the drug companies richer at the expense of their health. Studies have shown that the cholesterol lowering drugs statins and fibrates may increase the risk of cancer, and thus should be restricted to only the most urgent cases. These studies seem to have been forgotten.

*14/53/5*